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Beitzah Holiday laws governing which objects can be used, how food is prepared, and what labor is permitted. Megillah Reading the scroll of Esther on Purim, expansions on the Esther story, synagogue rituals, and treatment of sacred objects. Chagigah Sacrifices offered on pilgrimage to Jerusalem on the Festivals, ritual purity, and esoteric discussions of creation.

Seder Nashim Family law Yevamot The mandated marriage of a widow to the brother of her childless husband and the alternative rite discharging that obligation. Ketubot The marital contract Ketubah and obligations between husband and wife. Nedarim Vows taken voluntarily, particularly those that forbid specific actions or objects. Nazir The Nazirite, or one who vows abstinence from wine, haircuts, and ritual impurity generated from contact with corpses.

Sotah A woman suspected of adultery, the ritual determining her culpability, and other rituals involving recitation. Gittin Laws relating to divorce, focusing on the get bill of divorce and its delivery. Kiddushin Betrothal, marriage, acquisitions, and lineage. Seder Nezikin Damages Bava Kamma Liability and compensation for damages inflicted on people or property. Bava Metzia Disputed property, returning lost objects, guarding, renting, borrowing, and responsibilities of workers and employers.

Bava Batra Relationships between neighbors, land ownership, sales, and inheritance. Sanhedrin The judicial system, forming the court, accepting testimony, and executing capital punishment.

Makkot Court-administered lashing, false witnesses, and cities of refuge for inadvertent murderers. Shevuot Oaths and the process of atoning for entering the Temple or eating from a sacrifice while impure. Avodah Zarah Disassociating from idolatry, regulations on business interactions between Jews and idolaters.

Horayot Atoning for erroneous rulings of the court and inadvertent sins of leaders. Menachot Flour offerings, usually mixed with oil, wine libations, and bread loaf offerings in the Temple. Chullin Slaughter of animals and birds for non-consecrated purposes, other aspects of kashrut.

Bekhorot Transfer of first-born kosher animals to a priest, redemption of first-born donkeys and people. Temurah The sanctity of animals dedicated for sacrifice and the prohibition of exchanging them for others.

Keritot Karet, divinely-issued severance from the Jewish people, and sacrifices for unintentional sin. Meilah Prohibited benefit from Temple property, the sacrifice and restitution offered as atonement. Tamid The daily Temple service, including the burnt-offerings brought every morning and afternoon.

Seder Tahorot Purity Niddah The ritual impurity of a woman in her menstrual cycle or experiencing particular discharges. Minor Tractates Tractates not included in the canonizations of the Mishnah and the Talmud. Tractate Avadim Slaves and indentured servants; their sale, acquisition, working conditions, and liberation process.

Tractate Derekh Eretz Rabbah Ethics and morals, proper etiquette and conduct in daily life. Tractate Derekh Eretz Zuta Characteristics of a scholar, teachings about the messianic age, and a chapter extolling peace.

Tractate Gerim Converts to Judaism, the conversion process, and non-Jewish residents of Israel who observe the seven laws of Noah. Tractate Kallah Marriage, intercourse, and proper sexual behavior. Tractate Kutim The religious status of Samaritans, permitted and prohibited interactions with them. Tractate Mezuzah Writing the mezuzah, a scroll of parchment containing the Shema, and hanging it on the doorpost.

Tractate Semachot Laws and customs relating to death: the moment of death, burial, mourning, and cemetery conduct. Tractate Soferim Writing Torah scrolls and other holy books, the public reading of biblical texts. Tractate Tefillin Preparing and wearing Tefillin, leather boxes containing biblical passages written on parchment.

Tractate Tzitzit Fringes tied to garments with four corners. Guides Darkhei HaTalmud Short 15th-century guide with practical instructions for studying the Talmud and its commentaries. Introductions to the Babylonian Talmud 20th-century introductions by Rabbi Adin Even-Israel Steinsaltz explaining the content and themes of each tractate.

Mevo HaTalmud Chajes 19th-century introduction to the Babylonian and Jerusalem Talmuds describing talmudic methodology and the development of oral law. Rishonim on Talmud Commentators who lived in the 11th through 16th centuries. Rashi Classic 11th-century commentary known for its concise and clear explanations and considered a key resource in studying Talmud.

Ramban Influential 13th-century analytic commentary incorporating approaches from a wide range of earlier commentators. Tosafot Analytic commentary addressing textual difficulties and harmonizing conflicting passages, composed throughout the 12th and 13th centuries.

Rif 11th-century code that presents practical legal conclusions of talmudic passages and served later authorities as a basis for determining law. Mefaresh on Tamid Anonymous commentary on tractate Tamid printed in the Vilna edition in place of Rashi.

Mordechai on Bava Batra 13th-century commentary summarizing legal conclusions from the Talmud based on earlier authorities, considered a central work of Ashkenazi law. Rabbeinu Chananel First extensive Talmud commentary, compiled in the 11th-century, paraphrasing legal passages and noting their conclusions. Ran 14th-century commentary on tractate Nedarim, printed alongside the text of the Talmud and considered the foremost commentary on the tractate. Rashba 13th-century commentary by Rabbi Shlomo ibn Aderet, a student of the Ramban who largely followed the methodology of his teacher.

Rav Nissim Gaon 11th-century commentary by a teacher of the Rif and rosh yeshiva in Kairouan, printed alongside the Talmud in tractates Berakhot, Shabbat, and Eruvin. But if a man conformed to the traditions of the Pharisees, they found a device to free him from the claim of this duty. As a corrupt fountain sends forth corrupt streams, so does a corrupt heart send forth corrupt reasonings, corrupt appetites and passions, and all the wicked words and actions that come from them.

A spiritual understanding of the law of God, and a sense of the evil of sin, will cause a man to seek for the grace of the Holy Spirit, to keep down the evil thoughts and affections that work within.

As she was a good woman, so a good mother. This sent her to Christ. His saying, Let the children first be filled, shows that there was mercy for the Gentiles, and not far off. She spoke, not as making light of the mercy, but magnifying the abundance of miraculous cures among the Jews, in comparison with which a single cure was but as a crumb. Thus, while proud Pharisees are left by the blessed Saviour, he manifests his compassion to poor humbled sinners, who look to him for children's bread.

He still goes about to seek and save the lost. Those who brought this poor man to Christ, besought him to observe the case, and put forth his power. Our Lord used more outward actions in the doing of this cure than usual. These were only signs of Christ's power to cure the man, to encourage his faith, and theirs that brought him.

Though we find great variety in the cases and manner of relief of those who applied to Christ, yet all obtained the relief they sought. Thus it still is in the great concerns of our souls. Commentary by Matthew Henry, King James Bible Online.